What are abnormal breath sounds produced by fluid-filled alveoli called?

Abnormal breath sounds produced by fluid-filled alveoli are referred to as rales, or crackles. These sounds occur when air bubbles pass through fluid in the alveoli during inspiration and expiration, creating a distinct popping or crackling noise. Rales are often associated with conditions such as pulmonary edema, pneumonia, or congestive heart failure, where fluid accumulation in the lungs impairs normal gas exchange.

Understanding rales is crucial for identifying respiratory issues, as they provide important clinical information about the underlying condition affecting the lungs. In contrast, wheezing typically indicates narrowed airways and is characterized by a high-pitched, whistling sound, often seen in asthma or bronchospasm. Stridor is a harsh, grating sound indicative of upper airway obstruction, commonly seen in situations like croup or anaphylaxis, while dyspnea refers to the subjective experience of difficulty breathing rather than a specific sound. Thus, identifying rales helps clinicians address and manage pulmonary complications effectively.