What is a common side effect of loop diuretics?

Loop diuretics, such as furosemide (Lasix), are primarily used to manage fluid retention and high blood pressure by promoting urination. A significant effect of loop diuretics is their impact on electrolyte balance, particularly potassium. These medications increase the excretion of sodium and water in the urine but also lead to the loss of potassium, which can result in hypokalemia, or low potassium levels in the bloodstream.

Low potassium levels can lead to various complications, including muscle weakness, cramping, and potential cardiac issues, making it essential to monitor potassium levels in patients receiving loop diuretics. This side effect is particularly common due to the mechanism of action of loop diuretics, which affects the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium and chloride, ultimately increasing potassium loss.

While the other options may also be associated with loop diuretics in certain contexts, they are not the most common side effect. For instance, hyperkalemia is typically linked with potassium-sparing diuretics rather than loop diuretics. Dehydration can occur due to increased urination, but it is a more generalized effect and not as directly linked as hypokalemia. Hypertension would not be a side effect but rather an indication for the