What is the use of Mannitol in medical practice?

Mannitol is a hypertonic solution primarily used in medical practice to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP). It acts as an osmotic diuretic, drawing excess fluid out of the brain and into the bloodstream, which helps to reduce swelling and pressure within the cranial cavity. This effect makes it particularly valuable in situations such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, or any condition where elevated ICP is a concern.

When Mannitol is administered, it increases the osmolarity of the blood, leading to a movement of water from the brain tissue into the vascular space. This reduction in intracranial pressure can help prevent further neurological damage and can facilitate better circulation of cerebral blood flow.

Fluid replacement therapy, antibiotic treatments, and analgesics do not reflect the specific pharmacological action of Mannitol, which is focused on managing cerebral edema and lowering ICP rather than general fluid management, infection control, or pain relief.